12 Important Vitamins and Minerals Deficiency Diseases
12 Important Vitamins and Minerals Deficiency Diseases
As per The World Bank’s estimate, India has one of the highest number of children in the world suffering from malnutrition. Moreover, the 2015 Global Hunger Index Report ranked India 20th amongst leading countries with a serious hunger situation. These facts indicate towards dire consequences for mortality rate, productivity and economic growth. India, being the country with the world’s largest young demographic, cannot afford to continue to let the evils of stunting, wasting, etc. lurk over its future. Therefore, nutritional deficiency diseases have become an important topic for government competitive exams. This list of nutrients, their sources, constituents and deficiency diseases will help you prepare for the same.
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Nutrients |
Constituent | Deficiency Diseases |
Sources |
Vitamin A |
Retinol,
Retinoic Acid, Beta-Carotene |
Night-blindness,
Healing epithelial cells, Normal development of teeth and bones |
Carrots, Papaya,
Milk, Cheese, Fish Liver Oil, Green Vegetables etc. |
Vitamin B1 | Thiamine | Beriberi |
Brewer’s Yeast, Whole Grain, Oatmeal, Legumes, Peanuts, Dried Soybean, Sunflower Seeds etc. |
Vitamin B2 |
Riboflavin | Ariboflavinosis | Beef Liver, Lamb,
Milk, Mushroom, Spinach, Almonds etc. |
Vitamin B3 | Niacin or
Nicotinic Acid |
Pellagra |
Tuna, Chicken, Turkey, Mushrooms , Bacon, Broccoli, Veal etc. |
Vitamin B5 |
Pantothenic
Acid |
Acne, Paresthesia | Chicken Liver,
Sunflower Seeds, Salmon, Avocados, Corn, Broccoli, Mushroom etc. |
Vitamin B6 | Pyridoxine,
Pyridoxal, Pyridoxamine |
Dandruff-like eruptions,
Pink eye, Epilepsy |
Potatoes & other starchy vegetables, Fruit (other than citrus) etc. |
Vitamin B7 |
Biotin | Growth & Neurological
Disorders in Infants |
Raw Egg Yolk,
Liver, Peanuts, Yeast, Whole-wheat Bread, Cheddar Cheese, Pork etc. |
Vitamin B9 | Folic Acid | Macrocytic Anaemia,
Birth Defects |
Dark Leafy Greens like Spinach, Asparagus, Broccoli, Citrus Fruits, Beans, Peas, Lentils, Avocados etc |
Vitamin B12 |
Various
Cobalamins |
Macrocytic Anaemia, Memory Loss, Pernicious Anaemia, Mania, Psychosis, Paralysis | Seafood, Beef, Chicken, Eggs etc. |
Vitamin C | L-Ascorbic Acid | Scurvy |
Amla, Guava, Chillis, Kiwi, Broccoli, Orange, Papaya, Lemon, etc. |
Vitamin D |
Calciferol (D2)
& Cholecalciferol (D3) |
Rickets, Osteomalacia,
Needed for absorption of calcium from small intestines, Calcification of the skeleton |
Sunlight, Mushrooms, Alfalfa, Fish Liver Oils, Cooked Egg Yolk, etc. |
Vitamin E |
Tochopherols &
Tocotrienols |
Red Blood Cell
Destruction, Ataxia, Retinopathy, Peripheral Neuropathy, Reproductive Failure |
Wheat Germ Oil, Canola Oil, Sunflower Oil, Almond Oil, Hazelnuts, Peanuts
etc. |
Essential
Fatty Acids |
Omega 3 (Alpha Linolenic Acid) and Omega 6 (Linolenic Acid) | Several bodily
processes afflicted, Skin Ailments |
Fish Oils, Flaxseed Oil, Hemp Oil, Olive Oil, Pumpkin Seeds, Leafy Vegetables etc. |
Vitamin K |
Phylloquinone
(K1), Menaquinone (K2) |
Lack of Clotting of
Blood, Lack of Tissue Renewal |
Green Leafy Vegetables etc. |
Iron | Anaemia, Arrhythmia |
Red Meat, Seafood, Egg Yolk, Bananas, Apple, Green Vegetables, Broccoli, Beans, Pumpkin Seeds etc. |
|
Potassium |
High Blood Pressure, Arrhythmia, Muscle Weakness, Myalgia, Muscle Cramps, Constipation, Respiratory Depression, Paralysis | Meat, Milk, Fruits, Vegetables, Whole Grains etc. | |
Calcium | Osteoporosis, Hypocalcemia, Ostopenia |
Milk and Milk Products, Eggs, Wheatgrass etc. |
|
Magnesium |
Deterioration of Metabolism & Cellular Functioning, Heart Attacks, Insulin Resistance | Nuts and Seeds, Green Vegetables, Dark Chocolate, Whole Grains etc. | |
Sodium | Cognitive Impairment, Headaches, Nausea, Seizure, Coma, Electrolytic Imbalance |
Salt, Fish, Meat, Vegetables etc. |
|
Chlorine |
Alkalosis | Salt, Milk, Meats, Vegetables etc. | |
Phosphorous | hypophosphatemia, rickets in children and
osteomalacia in adults |
Meat, Fish, Poultry, Eggs, Milk, Bananas etc. |
|
Iodine |
Goitre, Cretinism, Deterioration of Metabolism & Cellular Functioning, | Iodised Salt, Sea Food, Green Vegetables, Raw Milk, Eggs etc. | |
Protein | Kwashiorkor |
Meat, Seafood, Eggs, Pulses & Legumes, Milk & Milk Products etc. |
|
Protein – Energy |
Marasmus |
Grains, Pulses & Legumes, Meat, Milk & Milk Products, Eggs, Seafood etc. |
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- Important Vitamins and Minerals Deficiency Diseases
- Important Vitamins and Minerals Deficiency Diseases
- Important Vitamins and Minerals Deficiency Diseases
- Important Vitamins and Minerals Deficiency Diseases
- Important Vitamins and Minerals Deficiency Diseases
- Important Vitamins and Minerals Deficiency Diseases
- Important Vitamins and Minerals Deficiency Diseases
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