12 Important Vitamins and Minerals Deficiency Diseases

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12 Important Vitamins and Minerals Deficiency Diseases

12 Important Vitamins and Minerals Deficiency Diseases
12 Important Vitamins and Minerals Deficiency Diseases

12 Important Vitamins and Minerals Deficiency Diseases

               As per The World Bank’s estimate, India has one of the highest number of children in the world suffering from malnutrition. Moreover, the 2015 Global Hunger Index Report ranked India 20th amongst leading countries with a serious hunger situation. These facts indicate towards dire consequences for mortality rate, productivity and economic growth. India, being the country with the world’s largest young demographic, cannot afford to continue to let the evils of stunting, wasting, etc. lurk over its future. Therefore, nutritional deficiency diseases have become an important topic for government competitive exams. This list of nutrients, their sources, constituents and deficiency diseases will help you prepare for the same.

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Nutrients

 Constituent Deficiency Diseases

Sources

Vitamin A

 Retinol,

Retinoic Acid,

Beta-Carotene

 Night-blindness,

Healing epithelial cells,

Normal development of

teeth and bones

 Carrots, Papaya,

Milk, Cheese, Fish

Liver Oil, Green

Vegetables etc.
Vitamin B1 Thiamine Beriberi

Brewer’s Yeast,

Whole Grain,

Oatmeal, Legumes,

Peanuts, Dried

Soybean, Sunflower

Seeds etc.

Vitamin B2

 Riboflavin Ariboflavinosis Beef Liver, Lamb,

Milk, Mushroom,

Spinach, Almonds

etc.
Vitamin B3 Niacin or

Nicotinic Acid

 Pellagra

Tuna, Chicken,

Turkey, Mushrooms

, Bacon, Broccoli,

Veal etc.

Vitamin B5

 Pantothenic

Acid

 Acne, Paresthesia Chicken Liver,

Sunflower Seeds,

Salmon, Avocados,

Corn, Broccoli,

Mushroom etc.
Vitamin B6 Pyridoxine,

Pyridoxal,

Pyridoxamine

 Dandruff-like eruptions,

Pink eye, Epilepsy

Potatoes & other

starchy vegetables,

Fruit (other than

citrus) etc.

Vitamin B7

 Biotin Growth & Neurological

Disorders in Infants

 Raw Egg Yolk,

Liver, Peanuts,

Yeast, Whole-wheat

Bread, Cheddar

Cheese, Pork etc.
Vitamin B9 Folic Acid Macrocytic Anaemia,

Birth Defects

Dark Leafy Greens

like Spinach,

Asparagus, Broccoli,

Citrus Fruits, Beans,

Peas, Lentils,

Avocados etc

Vitamin B12

 Various

Cobalamins

 Macrocytic Anaemia, Memory Loss, Pernicious Anaemia, Mania, Psychosis, Paralysis Seafood, Beef, Chicken, Eggs etc.
Vitamin C L-Ascorbic Acid Scurvy

Amla, Guava, Chillis, Kiwi, Broccoli, Orange, Papaya, Lemon, etc.

Vitamin D

 Calciferol (D2)

&

Cholecalciferol

(D3)

 Rickets, Osteomalacia,

Needed for absorption

of calcium from small

intestines, Calcification

of the skeleton

Sunlight, Mushrooms, Alfalfa, Fish Liver Oils, Cooked Egg Yolk, etc.

Vitamin E

 Tochopherols &

Tocotrienols

 Red Blood Cell

Destruction, Ataxia,

Retinopathy, Peripheral

Neuropathy,

Reproductive Failure

 Wheat Germ Oil, Canola Oil, Sunflower Oil, Almond Oil, Hazelnuts, Peanuts

etc.
Essential

Fatty Acids

 Omega 3 (Alpha Linolenic Acid) and Omega 6  (Linolenic Acid) Several bodily

processes afflicted, Skin

Ailments

Fish Oils, Flaxseed Oil, Hemp Oil, Olive

Oil, Pumpkin Seeds, Leafy Vegetables

etc.

Vitamin K

 Phylloquinone

(K1),

Menaquinone

(K2)

 Lack of Clotting of

Blood, Lack of Tissue

Renewal

 Green Leafy Vegetables etc.
Iron Anaemia, Arrhythmia

Red Meat, Seafood, Egg Yolk, Bananas, Apple, Green Vegetables, Broccoli, Beans, Pumpkin Seeds etc.

Potassium

 High Blood Pressure, Arrhythmia, Muscle Weakness, Myalgia, Muscle Cramps, Constipation, Respiratory Depression, Paralysis Meat, Milk, Fruits, Vegetables, Whole Grains etc.
Calcium Osteoporosis, Hypocalcemia, Ostopenia

Milk and Milk Products, Eggs, Wheatgrass etc.

Magnesium

 Deterioration of Metabolism & Cellular Functioning, Heart Attacks, Insulin Resistance Nuts and Seeds, Green Vegetables, Dark Chocolate, Whole Grains etc.
Sodium Cognitive Impairment, Headaches, Nausea, Seizure, Coma, Electrolytic Imbalance

Salt, Fish, Meat, Vegetables etc.

Chlorine

 Alkalosis Salt, Milk, Meats, Vegetables etc.
Phosphorous hypophosphatemia, rickets in children and

osteomalacia in adults

Meat, Fish, Poultry, Eggs, Milk, Bananas

etc.

Iodine

 Goitre, Cretinism, Deterioration of Metabolism & Cellular Functioning, Iodised Salt, Sea Food, Green Vegetables, Raw Milk, Eggs etc.
Protein Kwashiorkor

Meat, Seafood, Eggs, Pulses & Legumes, Milk & Milk Products etc.

Protein – Energy

 Marasmus

Grains, Pulses & Legumes, Meat, Milk & Milk Products, Eggs, Seafood etc.

 

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