6th History Human Evolution
6th History Human Evolution
- Earth evolved = 460 crore years ago.
- Man started to walk = 20 lakhs years ago
- Man spread throughout the Earth = 3 lakhs years ago.
- Man started cultivation = 8000 years ago.
- Civilization flourished = 5000 years ago.
Human Evolution
- The story of human evolution can be scientifically studied with the help of Archaeology and Anthropology.
Living in caves
- Before 18000 years ago, humans live in caves.
- They were using tools made of stones and bones for hunting.
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What is Archaeology
- Archaeology is the study of pre historic humans remained materials used by pre historic humans.
- Excavated material remains are the main source for archaeological studies.
What is Anthropology
- Anthropology is the study of humans and evolutionary history.
- The word anthropology is derived from two Greek words:
- Anthropos meaning “man” or “human”
- Logos, meaning “thought” or “reason.”
- Anthropologists attempt, by investigating the whole range of human development and behavior, to achieve a total description of cultural and social phenomena.
World’s oldest human footprints
- Anthropologists have unearthed the human footprints in Tanzania, Eastern Africa.
- The footprints were found in rock beds.
- The technique used to find it is = Radio Carbon Dating.
- The footprints are 3.5 million years old.
Stages of Human Evolution
- Australopithecus
- Homo habilis
- Homo erectus
- Neandarthal
- Homo Sapiens
- Cromagons, the present man.
Australopithecus Humans
- Timeline = between 4 million and 2 million years ago.
- A mix of human and ape traits humans = Australopithecus Humans.
- Proto-humans = Australopithecus Humans.
- Humans learn to walk on two legs = Australopithecus Humans.
Homo Habilis humans
- Timeline = between 2.3 million and 1.4 million years ago.
- Presence of big toe occurs in Homo Habilis humans.
- Less protruding face occurs in Homo Habilis humans.
Homo Erectus humans
- Java man = Homo Erectus humans.
- Timeline = approximately 1.8 million years ago.
- Homo Erectus humans have the knowledge of fire.
- Homo Erectus humans walked in straight position.
Neandarthal humans
- Timeline = between 130000 and 40000 years.
- Neandarthal humans differ from African Humans.
- Neandarthal humans has the knowledge of burying the dead.
- Neandarthal humans evidences have been found in Germany.
Homo Sapiens
- Timeline = 300000 years ago.
- Modern human being = Homo Sapiens.
- Hunting and gathering society = Homo Sapiens.
- Homo Sapiens humans moved out of Africa and settled in Europe and Asia.
Cromagnons
- Timeline = 50000 years ago in eastern Africa and 40000 years ago in West Asia and in south eastern Europe.
- Beginning of human life = Cromagnons humans.
- Cromagnons learned to live in caves.
- Lascaus caves in France is the evidence for cave living of Cromagnons.
- They habitude to bury the dead.
People and their habitat
- Australopithecus = East Africa
- Homohabilis = South Africa
- Homoerectus = Africa and Asia
- Neanderthal = Eurasia (Europe and Asia)
- Cro-Magnons = France
- Peking = China
- Homo sapiens = Africa
- Heidelbergs = London
Flint stones
- Ancient human use “Flint stones” (chikki mukki kal) for making weapons.
- Humans uses “Flint stones” to make fire.
First scientific invention of humans
- The first scientific invention of humans = making wheels.
- The invention of wheel by humans is considered to be the foremost invention.
Ancient Rock paintings
- In India, approximately there are 750 caves, in which 500 caves have paintings.
- The rock paintings depict hunting pictures of the male and the female, dancing pictures and pictures of children playing.
First animal to be domesticated by humans
- First animal to be domesticated by humans = Dogs.
- Following the dogs, humans started domesticating hen, goat and cow.
Pre Historic rock paints in Tamil Nadu
- Keelvalai = Villupuram
- Usilampatti = Madurai
- Kumuthipathi = Coimbatore
- Mavadaippu = Coimbatore
- Porivarai cave = Karikaiyur, Nilgris
Book Back Questions
- The process of evolution is ___________ ? = Gradual.
- Tanzania is situated in the continent of _________ ?= Africa.
- _____________ unearthed the footprints of early humans in Tanzania? =
- Millions of years ago, our ancestors led a __________ life? = Nomadic
- The main occupations of the ancient humans were _______ and ___________ ? = hunting, gathering.
- The invention of _________ made farming easier? = plough.
- Rock paintings are found at ____________ in Nilgiris? = karikaiyur.
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- 6th History Human Evolution
- 6th History Human Evolution
- 6th History Human Evolution
- 6th History Human Evolution