16 Mahajanapadas and Regional Kingdoms

16 Mahajanapadas and Regional Kingdoms

• The text containing the first reference to the 16 Mahajanapadas? = Bhagavati Sutra
• Texts that list the names of the 16 Mahajanapadas? = The Jain text *Bhagavati Sutra* and the Buddhist text *Anguttara Nikaya*
• The period when the first Magadha kingdom was established? = 6th century
• The founder of the Magadha kingdom? = Bimbisara
• The Mahajanapada kingdom situated on the banks of the Narmada River? = Asmaka
• The only Mahajanapada kingdom located in South India? = Asmaka
• The king who established Pataliputra as the capital? = Udayin
• Kings who ruled during Alexander’s invasion? = Dhana Nanda ruled Magadha; Ambhi ruled Taxila; and King Porus (Purushottama) ruled the regions between the Jhelum and Chenab rivers.
• The location of the battle between Alexander and Porus? = The banks of the Jhelum (Hydaspes) River
• The king known as “Second Parashurama”? = Mahapadma Nanda
• The old name of the city of Ujjain? = Avantika
• Alexander’s death? = Babylon, 323 BC
• Major Mahajanapada kingdoms = Magadha, Kosala, Vatsa, and Avanti.
• Founder of the Haryanka dynasty = Bimbisara.
• Bimbisara, the ruler of Magadha, established the Haryanka dynasty with its capital at Rajgir (Girivraja).
• Contemporary of the Buddha = Bimbisara.
• Ruler who expanded his kingdom and territory through “matrimonial alliances” = Bimbisara.
• Kingdom that fought fiercely against Magadha = Avanti.
• The person who killed Bimbisara and seized power = His son, Ajatashatru.
• Ruler who succeeded Ajatashatru = Udayin.
• King who established “Pataliputra” as the capital? = Udayin.
• King who shifted the capital to “Vaishali” = Shishunaga.
• Founder of the Mauryan dynasty after overthrowing the Nanda dynasty = Chandragupta Maurya.
• Republics (Gana-Sanghas) = ​​Vajji, Kuru, Kamboja, Panchala, Malla.
• Monarchies (Hereditary kingdoms) = Anga, Avanti, Chedi, Vatsa, Magadha, Kashi, Kosala, Gandhara.
• 16 Mahajanapadas and Regional Kingdoms
• 16 Mahajanapadas and Regional Kingdoms

The 16 Mahajanapadas and their capitals

Number	Mahajanapatam	Capital
1	Avanti	Ujjain, Mahishmati
2	Guru	Hastinapura, Indraprastha
3	Panchalam	Gambilya
4	Kosala	Sravasti, Ayodhya
5	Malla	Bawa, Kushinagar
6	Veg	Vaishali
7	Element	Samba
8	Magadha	Rajagriga, Pataliputra
9	Ashmagam	Teaching
10	Gandhara	Takshasila
11	Surasena	Mathura
12	Fish	Virata city
13	Vatsa	Cowsambi
14	Message	Sukthimati
15	Kashi	Varanasi (Banaras)
16	Composition	Rajapuram