Slave Dynasty History and Key Facts

Slave Dynasty History and Key Facts

• Founder of the Ilbari dynasty = Qutbuddin Aibak
• The founder of the “first slave dynasty” in the Ilbari dynasty = Iltutmish
• The founder of the “second slave dynasty” in the Ilpari dynasty = Balban.

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Slave Dynasty Rulers:

1. 1. Qutbuddin Aibek = 1206 – 1210 (Capital = Lahore)
   2. Aramsha = 1210
   3. Iltutmish = 1210 – 1236 (Capital = Delhi)
   4. Ruknudin = 1236
   5. Razia Sultan = 1236 – 1240
   6. Muizzuddin Baharamshah = 1240 – 1242
   7. Alauddin Masud Shah = 1242 – 1246
   8. Nasruddin Muhammad = 1246 – 1265
   9. Ghiyasuddin Balban = 1265 – 1287
   10. Muizzuddin Kaiqubad = 1287 – 1290
   11. Shamsuddin Kaimers = 1290

Qutbuddin Aibak

• The founder of the slave dynasty
• His capital = Lahore.
• The first true ruler to establish Turkish rule in India = Qutbuddin Aibak.
• He did not assume the title of “Emperor”.
• He called himself “Malik” and “Sippa Salar”.
• He was nicknamed “Lakbaks” (one who gave lakhs of rupees) for his generosity.
• The city founded by Qutbuddin Aibak = Maharali.
• The first mosque built in India = Quaid-ul-Islam Mosque (Delhi)
• The first person to build a mosque in India was Qutbuddin Aibak.
• He built two mosques in India. One is “Quat-ul-Islam” in Delhi. The other is “Adai Din Ka Jaunbra” in Ajmer.
• Qutubuddin Aibak started the construction of the “Qutub Minar” in Delhi in memory of the Sufi saint “Khwaja Qutubuddin Bakhtiar Khilji”. (Completed by = Iltutmish)
• Aibak died after falling while playing polo on a horse called a “Chowkan”.
• Author of the book “Taj-ul-Masur” = Hasan-ul-Nizami
• The author of the book “Tarik-i-Mubarak Shahi” = Fakhruddin.
• Slave Dynasty History and Key Facts

Aramsha

• To resolve the problems caused by Aibakin’s sudden death, Qutbuddin made Aibak’s son, Aram Shah, king.
• His reign lasted only eight months.
• The one who killed Aramshah = Iltutmish.
• During the reign of Aram Shah, Iltutmish served as the governor of “Pathan”.
• Slave Dynasty History and Key Facts

Iltutmish

• Slave of Qutbuddin Aibek.
• A true slave dynasty ruler.
• The real ruler among the Delhi Sultans.
• The real king who is said to have started the rule of the Delhi Sultanates is Iltutmish.
• The first ruler to make “Delhi” the capital = Iltutmish.
• He received the title of “Emperor” (Sultan) from the Caliph.
• The first Muslim king to receive the title of Sultan = Iltutmish.
• The first Muslim king to introduce the practice of writing names on coins = Iltutmish.
• The group formed by Iltutmish = Group of Forty (Turgan-i-Chakalkani)
• During whose reign did the famous Mongol commander “Genghis Khan” invade India = During the reign of Iltutmish
• The person who introduced the “Iqta system” in India = Iltutmish.
• The one who was called the “slave of slaves” = Iltutmish.
• The person who completed the construction of Qutub Minar = Iltutmish.
• He said that his daughter “Rasia Begum” should rule after him.
• The person who introduced the silver coin called “Danga” (175 grams) = Iltutmish.
• The person who introduced the copper coin “Jidal” = Iltutmish.
• The two basic coins of the Sultanate (ratio 1:48)
• The first sultan to introduce pure Arabic coins = Iltutmish.
• The author of the book “Tabaqat-e-Nasiri” = Minhaj-al-Siraj.
• The so-called “father of tomb building” = Iltutmish.
• He destroyed the Mahakal temple (Ujjain) in 1235.
• Third Taran War:
  • Year of occurrence = AD 1216
  • Held between Iltutmish and Yildiz
  • Iltutmish won the battle.

Ruknuddin

• After the death of Iltutmish, the nobles, who did not want a woman to rule, placed “Ruknuddin” in charge of the government.
• But Ruknuddin, Raziaval was captured and imprisoned.
• Slave Dynasty History and Key Facts

Razia Begum

• The first female Muslim ruler of India = Razia Sultan
• The last female Muslim ruler of India = Razia Sultan
• Year of accession of Rasiya = 1236 AD.
• Razia Sultan’s husband = Altunia
• He hated the “burda” system.
• He conducted the meeting wearing men’s clothing.
• Razia Sultan’s favorite slave = Jalaluddin Yaqut Khan
• Jalaluddin appointed Yaqut Khan as the supreme commander of the infantry.
• The one who killed Razia Sultan and seized power = Muizzuddin Baharam Shah
• Slave Dynasty History and Key Facts

Muizzuddin Baharamshah

• Razia Sultan’s brother.
• Third son of Iltutmish.
• During his reign, the Mongols captured the city of Lahore.
• He created a new post called “Naib-i-Mamlakat”.
• Slave Dynasty History and Key Facts

Alauddin Masood Shah

• Grandson of Iltutmish.
• Razia Begum is the Sultan’s brother.
• The Mongol invasion took place during his reign.
• Slave Dynasty History and Key Facts

Nasrudin Muhammad

• Son of Iltutmish.
• A very peaceful ruler.
• He was called the “King of Tarvesi”.
• He was called “Adham Sultan” by the historian “Minhaj-e-Siraj”.
• During his reign, the leader of the “Forty-Five Council” was Balpan.
• The person who appointed Balban to the post of “Naib-i-Mamlakat” was = Nasrudin Muhammad
• The person who gave the title of “Uluk Khan” to Balban was = Nasruddin Muhammad.
• Slave Dynasty History and Key Facts

Ghiyasuddin Balban

• The person who abolished the system of the Council of Forty (Durgan-i-Sakalkani) = Balban
• His policy against enemies = “Iron and blood”
• The first Delhi Sultan to introduce the “principle of government” = Balban.
• He declared the king to be “Sil-Ilahi” (Shadow of God on Earth).
• The person who introduced the practice of “Sijata” (prostration at the feet of the king) and “Bypass” (kissing the feet) in the royal court = Balpan.
• The best king among the slave dynasty rulers = Balban
• He created a military department called “Diwan-i-Ars”.
• Military department created to oppose the Mongols = Diwan-i-Ars
• The only military base established by Balban outside Delhi = Bengal.
• He created an excellent spy force called “Parit”.
• The one who inscribed himself on the wall of the mosque as “assistant of the Caliph” = Balban.
• Balban introduced the Persian festival of “Nowruz” to India.
• The first Muslim king to establish law and order in India = Balban.
• His rule was called the “Rule of Law”.
• The Sultan who banned drinking and laughing = Balban.
• The Muslim king who refused to speak to the common people = Balban.
• He built many forts to prevent Mongol invasion.
• The Persian poet supported “Amir Khusrau”.
• The person who was called “Bird of Hindustan” = Amir Khusrau
• The person who was called the “Parrot of India” = Amir Khusrau.
• Balban is known as Alauddin Khilji’s mentor in administrative reforms.
• Balban’s son “Amir Khan Muhammad” was killed in the Mongol invasion.
• The one who was called the “Martyr Prince” = Amir Khan Mohammed.
• He wrote a will stating that his grandson “Kaikusru” should ascend the throne after him.
• Slave Dynasty History and Key Facts

Muizzuddin Kaiqubad

• The nobles installed Muizuddin Kaikubat on the throne in place of Kaikhusrau.
• He was immersed in sensual pleasures.
• He was killed and thrown into the Yamuna River.
• Slave Dynasty History and Key Facts

Shamsuddin Kaimers

• The last ruler of the Slave Dynasty.
• People hated him.
• He was killed by Firoz Thuglaq.
• Slave Dynasty History and Key Facts